UPCONVERTING NANOMATERIALS

Over the past decade, high-quality, rare earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized with the rapid development of nanotechnology. The synthesis methods are usually phase-based processes, such as thermal decomposition, hydrothermal reaction, and ionic liquids-based synthesis. At present, the low luminescence efficiency is one of the main limiting factors. Many efforts are focused on improving absorption efficiency of these systems by different strategies, by using antenna molecules, changing host matrix or doping materials, and synthetizing new core-shell systems. This book provides a fundamental understanding of the mechanics and materials, with particular attention to the design, synthesis and functionalization of upconverting nanoparticles and their applications in different fields of research.